Extraction des lésions dans des images de scanner cérébral pour système de télédiagnostic
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Date
2004
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Abstract
Le cancer est l’une des maladies les plus répandues dans le monde. Des chercheurs ont pensé à réaliser des systèmes qui seront des outils d’aide au diagnostic et à la décision pour les médecins.
La mise sur réseau de tels systèmes permet d’avoir une application de télédiagnostic, le but est d’apporter «une seconde opinion» par un spécialiste distant pour confirmer ou infirmer le diagnostic établi par le praticien local, ou bien aider ce dernier à arriver à un diagnostic correct.
Afin de concevoir un tel système, plusieurs aspects sont à prendre en charge. L’un des aspects les plus importants sont les problèmes liés à la taille des images médicales par rapport au débit de transmission. Pour cela, dans le cas du cancer du cerveau, nous proposons de concevoir un module pour l’extraction des lésions, son rôle est d’extraire la lésion tout en respectant sa taille, sa forme et sa position. Ainsi, les images à transmettre sont à deux niveaux de gris, noir et blanc, donc la taille diminue. Un second objectif de ce module est de simplifier l’image pour le médecin tout en conservant toutes les caractéristiques morphologiques de la lésion.
Pour cela, nous pouvons procéder de deux manières, soit extraire les limites des lésions, soit extraire toute la zone correspondant à la surface des lésions. Nous utilisons des opérateurs basés sur la théorie de le morphologie mathématique, des résultats prometteurs ont été obtenus, ce qui permettra au médecin d’entamer sûrement l’étape de diagnostic en local ou à distance. Dans ce papier nous présentons principalement notre système de télédiagnostic ainsi les différents algorithmes pour la conception de ce module de segmentation.
Cancer is one of the most widespread diseases in the world. Researchers thought of carrying out systems that will be the assistance tools for the decision and diagnosis to the doctors. The setting on network of such systems permits to have an application of tele-diagnosis, the goal is to bring « a second opinion » by a distant specialist to validate or invalidate the diagnosis established by the local expert, or to help this latter in making a correct diagnosis. To design such systems, several aspects are to dealt with. One of the most significant aspects is the problem of the big size of the medical images compared to the transmission flow. For that, in the case of the cerebral cancer, we propose to design a stage for extracting the lesions, its role is extracting the lesion with the respect of its size, its shape and its position. Since, the size of images to be sent decreases, because they are in two grey levels (black and white). The second goal of this stage is to simplify the image for the doctor with preserve all morphological characteristics of the lesions. For that, we can proceed by two manners, by extracting the edges of the lesion, or extracted all its areas. We use algorithms based on mathematical morphology operators, promising results were obtained, that permits to the doctor to begin the diagnosis step in a sure manner in local or distant areas. In this paper, we present mainly our tele-diagnosis system and the various algorithms used for designing the stage of lesion extraction.
Cancer is one of the most widespread diseases in the world. Researchers thought of carrying out systems that will be the assistance tools for the decision and diagnosis to the doctors. The setting on network of such systems permits to have an application of tele-diagnosis, the goal is to bring « a second opinion » by a distant specialist to validate or invalidate the diagnosis established by the local expert, or to help this latter in making a correct diagnosis. To design such systems, several aspects are to dealt with. One of the most significant aspects is the problem of the big size of the medical images compared to the transmission flow. For that, in the case of the cerebral cancer, we propose to design a stage for extracting the lesions, its role is extracting the lesion with the respect of its size, its shape and its position. Since, the size of images to be sent decreases, because they are in two grey levels (black and white). The second goal of this stage is to simplify the image for the doctor with preserve all morphological characteristics of the lesions. For that, we can proceed by two manners, by extracting the edges of the lesion, or extracted all its areas. We use algorithms based on mathematical morphology operators, promising results were obtained, that permits to the doctor to begin the diagnosis step in a sure manner in local or distant areas. In this paper, we present mainly our tele-diagnosis system and the various algorithms used for designing the stage of lesion extraction.
Description
Keywords
Télémédecine, Diagnostic médical, Cerveau, Tomographie, Morphologie mathématique, Imagerie médicale, Segmentation image, Méthode relaxation, Assistance ordinateur, Traitement image