Power-aware QoS Geographical Routing for Wireless Sensor Networks - Implementation using Contiki

Abstract

This paper presents the design and implementation of a new geographical quality of service (QoS) routing for wireless sensor networks. The protocol is based on tra±c di®erentiation and provides customized QoS accord- ing to the tra±c requirement. For each packet, the protocol attempts to ful¯ll the required data-related QoS metric(s) while considering power-e±ciency. The data related metrics include packet latency and reliability, while power-e±ciency has been considered for both power transmission minimization and residual energy max- imization (load balancing). The protocol has been implemented in real sensor motes using Contiki operating system, which o®ers many modules and has many features that facilitate e±cient communication protocol implementation. The protocol was then evaluated in a testbed. The experimental results show good QoS performance, and particularly, tra±c-di®erentiation QoS as expected, i.e., QoS-sensitive packets were routed with better performances than regular packets. The protocol is generic and applies to any application with tra±c requiring di®erent QoS, such as in biomedical and vehicular applications.