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    Efficient data aggregation with in-network integrity control for WSN
    (Elsevier, 2012-10) Bagaa, Miloud; Challal, Yacine; Ouadjaout, Abdelraouf; Lasla, Noureddine; Badache, Nadjib
    Energy is a scarce resource in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). Some studies show that more than 70% of energy is consumed in data transmission in WSN. Since most of the time, the sensed information is redundant due to geographically collocated sensors, most of this energy can be saved through data aggregation. Furthermore, data aggregation improves bandwidth usage and reduces collisions due to interference. Unfortunately, while aggregation eliminates redundancy, it makes data integrity verification more complicated since the received data is unique. In this paper, we present a new protocol that provides control integrity for aggregation in wireless sensor networks. Our protocol is based on a two-hop verification mechanism of data integrity. Our solution is essentially different from existing solutions in that it does not require referring to the base station for verifying and detecting faulty aggregated readings, thus providing a totally distributed scheme to guarantee data integrity. We carried out numerical analysis and simulations using the TinyOS environment. Results show that the proposed protocol yields significant savings in energy consumption while preserving data integrity, and outperforms comparable solutions with respect to some important performance criteria.
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    Semi-Structured and Unstructured Data Aggregation Scheduling in Wireless Sensor Networks
    (CERIST, 2011-09) Bagaa, Miloud; Derhab, Abdelouahid; Badache, Nadjib; Lasla, Noureddine; Ouadjaout, Abdelraouf
    This paper focuses on data aggregation scheduling problem in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), to minimize time latency. Prior works on this problem have adopted a structured approach, in which a tree-based structure is used as an input for the scheduling algorithm. As the scheduling performance mainly depends on the supplied aggregation tree, such an approach cannot guarantee optimal performance. To address this problem, we propose approaches based on Semi-structured Topology (DAS-ST) and Unstructured Topology (DAS-UT). The approaches are based on two key design features, which are : (1) simultaneous execution of aggregation tree construction and scheduling, and (2) parent selection criteria that maximize the choices of parents for each node and maximize time slot reuse. We prove that the latency of DAS-ST is upper-bounded by (b 2 arccos( 1 1+ ) c+4)R+
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    Efficient Multi-Path Data Aggregation Scheduling in Wireless Sensor Networks
    (CERIST, 2013) Bagaa, Miloud; Badache, Nadjib; Ouadjaout, Abdelraouf; Younis, Mohamed
    In wireless sensor networks, in-network data aggregation filters out redundant sensor readings in order to reduce the energy and bandwidth consumed in disseminating the data to the base-station. In this paper, we investigate the problem of reliable collection of aggregated data with minimal latency. The aim is to form an aggregation tree such that there are k disjoint paths from each node to the basestation and find a collision-free schedule for node transmissions so that the aggregated data reaches the base-station in minimal time. We propose a novel algorithm for Reliable and Timely dissemination of Aggregated Data (RTAD). RTAD intertwines the formation of the aggregation tree and the allocation of time slots to nodes, and assigns parents to the individual nodes in order to maximize time slot reuse. The simulation results show that RTAD outperforms competing algorithms in the literature.